X-Sampa / CXS |
The following table lists the Unicode, shows the IPA symbol and the ASCII equivalent in the CXS encoding.
The modifications CXS introduces are marked in bold and in green color.
| Unicode | HTML | IPA | CXS | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement | ||||
| U+00E6 | æ | æ | & | small ae |
| U+00E7 | ç | ç | C | small c with cedilla |
| U+00F0 | ð | ð | D | small eth |
| U+00F8 | ø | ø | 2 | small o with stroke |
C0 Controls and Basic Latin | ||||
| U+0020 |   | space is a general break for keeping the overview | ||
| U+002E | . | . | . | syllable break |
| U+007C | | | | | | | minor intonation break |
| U+0061 | a | a | a | open front unrounded vowel |
| U+0062 | b | b | b | voiced bilabial stop |
| U+0063 | c | c | c | voiceless palatal stop |
| U+0064 | d | d | d | voiced alveolar stop |
| U+0065 | e | e | e | front close-mid unrounded vowel |
| U+0066 | f | f | f | voiceless labialdental fricative |
| U+0068 | h | h | h | voiceless glottal fricative |
| U+0069 | i | i | i | front close unrounded vowel |
| U+006A | j | j | j | voiced palatal approximant |
| U+006B | k | k | k | voiceless velar stop |
| U+006C | l | l | l | voiced alveolar lateral approximant |
| U+006D | m | m | m | voiced bilabial nasal |
| U+006E | n | n | n | voiced alveolar nasal |
| U+006F | o | o | o | back close-mid rounded vowel |
| U+0070 | p | p | p | voiceless bilabial stop |
| U+0071 | q | q | q | voiceless uvular stop |
| U+0072 | r | r | r | voiced alveolar trill |
| U+0073 | s | s | s | voiceless alveolar fricative |
| U+0074 | t | t | t | voiceless alveolar stop |
| U+0075 | u | u | u | back close rounded vowel |
| U+0076 | v | v | v | voiced labiodental fricative |
| U+0077 | w | w | w | voiced labiovelar approximant |
| U+0078 | x | x | x | voiceless velar fricative |
| U+0079 | y | y | y | front close rounded vowel |
| U+007A | z | z | z | voiced alveolar fricative |
Latin Extended-A | ||||
| U+0127 | ħ | ħ | X\ | pharyngeal voiceless fricative |
| U+014B | ŋ | ŋ | N | eng |
| U+0153 | œ | œ | 9 | oe |
Latin Extended-B | ||||
| U+0180 | ƀ | ƀ | B | b with stroke: same as beta |
| U+01A5 | ƥ | ƥ | p_< | p with hook: voiceless implosive? |
| U+01AB | ƫ | ƫ | t_j | t with palatal hook: ancient for t_j |
| U+01AD | ƭ | ƭ | t_< | t with hook: voiceless implosive? |
| U+01BB | ƻ | ƻ | dz) | two with stroke: archaic for [dz]; use U+02A3 instead |
| U+01C0 | ǀ | ǀ | |\ | dental click |
| U+01C1 | ǁ | ǁ | |\|\ | lateral click |
| U+01C2 | ǂ | ǂ | =\ | alveolar click |
| U+01C3 | ǃ | ǃ | !\ | retroflex click |
IPA Extensions | ||||
| U+0250 | ɐ | ɐ | 6 | turned a |
| U+0251 | ɑ | ɑ | A | script a / latin letter alpha |
| U+0252 | ɒ | ɒ | Q | turned script a / latin letter turned alpha |
| U+0253 | ɓ | ɓ | b_< | b with hook |
| U+0254 | ɔ | ɔ | O | open o |
| U+0255 | ɕ | ɕ | s\ | c with curl |
| U+0256 | ɖ | ɖ | d` | d with tail |
| U+0257 | ɗ | ɗ | d_< | d with hook |
| U+0258 | ɘ | ɘ | @\ | reversed e |
| U+0259 | ə | ə | @ | turned e / schwa |
| U+025A | ɚ | ɚ | @` | schwa with hook: @ + rhoticity |
| U+025B | ɛ | ɛ | E | epsilon |
| U+025C | ɜ | ɜ | 3 | reversed epsilon |
| U+025D | ɝ | ɝ | 3` | reversed epsilon with hook: 3 + rhoticity |
| U+025E | ɞ | ɞ | 3\ | closed epsilon |
| U+025F | ɟ | ɟ | J\ | dotless j with stroke: vcd. palatal stop |
| U+0260 | ɠ | ɠ | g_< | g with hook: implosive |
| U+0261 | ɡ | ɡ | g | script g == g = vcd. velar stop |
| U+0262 | ɢ | ɢ | G\ | sc g = vcd. uvul. stop |
| U+0263 | ɣ | ɣ | G | gamma: vcd. velar fric. |
| U+0264 | ɤ | ɤ | 7 | rams horn / baby gamma: unr. back. high-mid vowel |
| U+0265 | ɥ | ɥ | H | turned h: vcd. lab.-pal. approx. |
| U+0266 | ɦ | ɦ | h\ | h with hook: vcd. glot. fric. |
| U+0267 | ɧ | ɧ | x\ | heng with hook: sim. S and x |
| U+0268 | ɨ | ɨ | 1 | i with stroke |
| U+0269 | ɩ | ɩ | I | letter iota. obsoleted by sc i (U+026A) |
| U+026A | ɪ | ɪ | I | sc i |
| U+026B | ɫ | ɫ | 5 | l with middle tilde: velarised l |
| U+026C | ɬ | ɬ | K | l with belt: vcl. alv. lat. fric. |
| U+026D | ɭ | ɭ | l` | l with retrfl. hook: retroflex lateral |
| U+026E | ɮ | ɮ | K\ | lezh: vcd. alv. lat. fric. |
| U+026F | ɯ | ɯ | M | turned m |
| U+0270 | ɰ | ɰ | M\ | turned m with long leg |
| U+0271 | ɱ | ɱ | F | turned m with hook |
| U+0272 | ɲ | ɲ | J | n with left hook |
| U+0273 | ɳ | ɳ | n` | n with retrfl. hook |
| U+0274 | ɴ | ɴ | N\ | sc n |
| U+0275 | ɵ | ɵ | 8 | barred o |
| U+0276 | ɶ | ɶ | &\ | sc oe |
| U+0277 | ɷ | ɷ | U | closed omega: better use small upsilon (U+028A) |
| U+0278 | ɸ | ɸ | p\ | phi |
| U+0279 | ɹ | ɹ | r\ | turned r |
| U+027A | ɺ | ɺ | l\ | turned r with long leg |
| U+027B | ɻ | ɻ | r\` | turned r with hook |
| U+027C | ɼ | ɼ | r\_r | r with long leg: obsoleted by r + raised |
| U+027D | ɽ | ɽ | r` | r with tail |
| U+027E | ɾ | ɾ | 4 | r with fishhook |
| U+027F | ɿ | ɿ | z= | reversed r with fishhook: apical dental vowel: use syllabic z |
| U+0280 | ʀ | ʀ | R\ | sc r: uvul. trill |
| U+0281 | ʁ | ʁ | R | inverted sc r: uvul. vcd. fric. |
| U+0282 | ʂ | ʂ | s` | s with hook |
| U+0283 | ʃ | ʃ | S | esh |
| U+0284 | ʄ | ʄ | J\_< | dotless j with stroke and hook: patal. vcd. impl. |
| U+0285 | ʅ | ʅ | z`= | squat reversed esh: apical retr. vowel: use syllabic z` |
| U+0286 | ʆ | ʆ | S_j | esh with curl: use palatal S |
| U+0287 | ʇ | ʇ | |\ | turned t: dental click. obsolete: use U+01C0 |
| U+0288 | ʈ | ʈ | t` | t with retrfl. hook |
| U+0289 | ʉ | ʉ | u\ | letter u bar |
| U+028A | ʊ | ʊ | U | upsilon |
| U+028B | ʋ | ʋ | v\ | v with hook |
| U+028C | ʌ | ʌ | V | turned v |
| U+028D | ʍ | ʍ | W | turned w |
| U+028E | ʎ | ʎ | L | turned y: palat. lat. approx. |
| U+028F | ʏ | ʏ | Y | sc y |
| U+0290 | ʐ | ʐ | z` | z with retr. hook |
| U+0291 | ʑ | ʑ | z\ | z with curl |
| U+0292 | ʒ | ʒ | Z | ezh / yogh |
| U+0293 | ʓ | ʓ | Z_j | ezh with curl: palatalised vcd. postalv. fric. |
| U+0294 | ʔ | ʔ | ? | glottal stop |
| U+0295 | ʕ | ʕ | ?\ | pharyngeal vcd. fric. |
| U+0296 | ʖ | ʖ | |\|\ | inverted glottal stop: lateral click. obsolete: use U+01C1 |
| U+0297 | ʗ | ʗ | !\ | stretched c: palatal / alveolar click. obsolete: use U+01C3 |
| U+0298 | ʘ | ʘ | O\ | bilabial click |
| U+0299 | ʙ | ʙ | B\ | sc b |
| U+029A | ʚ | ʚ | &\ | closed open E (sic!): non-IPA for sc oe, use U+0276 instead |
| U+029B | ʛ | ʛ | G\_< | sc g with hook |
| U+029C | ʜ | ʜ | H\ | sc h: vcl. epiglottal fric. |
| U+029D | ʝ | ʝ | j\ | j with crossed-tail |
| U+029F | ʟ | ʟ | L\ | sc l: velar lat. approx. |
| U+02A0 | ʠ | ʠ | q_< | q with hook: vcl. uvul. impl. |
| U+02A1 | ʡ | ʡ | >\ | glottal stop with stroke: voiced epiglottal stop |
| U+02A2 | ʢ | ʢ | <\ | reversed glottal stop with stroke: voiced epiglottal stop |
| U+02A3 | ʣ | ʣ | dz) | dz digraph: FIXME: Unicode 3.2 says: 'vcd. dental affricate', but would that not rather be dD) or d_dD) then? |
| U+02A4 | ʤ | ʤ | dZ) | dezh digraph |
| U+02A5 | ʥ | ʥ | dz\) | dz digraph with curl |
| U+02A6 | ʦ | ʦ | ts) | ts digraph: FIXME: see U+02A3 above |
| U+02A7 | ʧ | ʧ | tS) | tesh digraph |
| U+02A8 | ʨ | ʨ | ts\) | ts digraph with curl |
| U+02A9 | ʩ | ʩ | fN) | feng digraph |
| U+02AA | ʪ | ʪ | ls) | ls digraph |
| U+02AB | ʫ | ʫ | lz) | lz digraph |
| U+02AC | ʬ | ʬ | ._w_w | FIXME: I made this up! |
| U+02AD | ʭ | ʭ | ._d_d | FIXME: I made this up! |
Spacing Modifier Letters | ||||
| U+02B0 | ʰ | ʰ | _h | aspirated; small h |
| U+02B1 | ʱ | ʱ | _t | small h with hook: breathy voiced |
| U+02B2 | ʲ | ʲ | _j | small j: palatalised |
| U+02B7 | ʷ | ʷ | _w | small w |
| U+02B8 | ʸ | ʸ | _j | small y: usage= small j |
| U+02BC | ʼ | ʼ | _> | apostrophy: glottalised/ejective: FIXME: do you use this for Korean, too? |
| U+02C0 | ˀ | ˀ | _> | small glot.stop: glottalised/ejective; better use U+02BC |
| U+02C7 | ˇ | ˇ | _F_R | caron: falling-rising (Mandarin 3rd) tone |
| U+02C8 | ˈ | ˈ | ' | primary stress |
| U+02C9 | ˉ | ˉ | _T | spacing macron: high (Mandarin 1st) tone; use U+030B instead |
| U+02CC | ˌ | ˌ | " | letter vert. line below: secondary stress |
| U+02CD | ˍ | ˍ | _L | letter low macro: low level tone; use U+0300 instead |
| U+02CE | ˎ | ˎ | _L_B | letter low grave: low-falling tone |
| U+02CF | ˏ | ˏ | _B_L | low-rising tone |
| U+02D0 | ː | ː | : | triangular colon: length mark |
| U+02D1 | ˑ | ˑ | :\ | half triangular colon: half-long |
| U+02D2 | ˒ | ˒ | _O | centred right half ring: more rounded; use U+0339 instead |
| U+02D3 | ˓ | ˓ | _c | centred left half ring: less rounded; use U+031C instead |
| U+02D4 | ˔ | ˔ | _r | up tack: raised; use U+031D instead |
| U+02D5 | ˕ | ˕ | _o | down tack: lowered; use U+031E instead |
| U+02D6 | ˖ | ˖ | _+ | plus: advanced; use U+031F instead |
| U+02D7 | ˗ | ˗ | _- | minus: retracted; use U+0320 instead |
| U+02D8 | ˘ | ˘ | _X | breve: extra-short; use U+0306 instead |
| U+02DA | ˚ | ˚ | _0 | ring above: voiceless (on characters with a descender); use U+030A instead |
| U+02DC | ˜ | ˜ | ~ | small tilde: nasalised; use U+0303 instead |
| U+02DD | ˝ | ˝ | _T | double acute accent: extra high level tone; use U+030B instead |
| U+02DE | ˞ | ˞ | ` | rhotic hook |
| U+02E0 | ˠ | ˠ | _G | small gamma: velarised |
| U+02E1 | ˡ | ˡ | _l | small l: lateral release |
| U+02E4 | ˤ | ˤ | _?\ | reversed glot.stop: pharyngealised |
| U+02E5 | ˥ | ˥ | _T | level tone: extra high (top); accent variant is U+030B |
| U+02E6 | ˦ | ˦ | _H | level tone: high; accent variant is U+0301 |
| U+02E7 | ˧ | ˧ | _M | level tone: mid; accent variant is U+0304 |
| U+02E8 | ˨ | ˨ | _L | level tone: low; accent variant is U+0300 |
| U+02E9 | ˩ | ˩ | _B | level tone: extra low (bottom); accent variant is U+030F |
| U+02EC | ˬ | ˬ | _v | letter voicing; use U+032C instead |
Combining Diacritical Marks | ||||
| U+0300 | ̀ | ̀ | _L | grave: low level tone |
| U+0301 | ́ | ́ | _H | acute: high level tone |
| U+0302 | ̂ | ̂ | _F | circum: falling |
| U+0303 | ̃ | ̃ | ~ | nasalised |
| U+0304 | ̄ | ̄ | _M | macron: mid level tone |
| U+0306 | ̆ | ̆ | _X | breve: extra-short |
| U+0308 | ̈ | ̈ | _" | diaeresis: centralised |
| U+030A | ̊ | ̊ | _0 | ring above: voiceless |
| U+030B | ̋ | ̋ | _T | double acute: extra-high level tone |
| U+030C | ̌ | ̌ | _R | caron: rising |
| U+030D | ̍ | ̍ | = | vertical line above: syllabic (e.g. N=) |
| U+030F | ̏ | ̏ | _B | double grave: extra-low level tone |
| U+0318 | ̘ | ̘ | _A | left tack below: advanced tongue root |
| U+0319 | ̙ | ̙ | _q | right tack below: advanced tongue root |
| U+031A | ̚ | ̚ | _} | left angle above: no audible release |
| U+031C | ̜ | ̜ | _c | left halt ring below: more open |
| U+031D | ̝ | ̝ | _r | up tack below: raised |
| U+031E | ̞ | ̞ | _o | down tack below: lowered |
| U+031F | ̟ | ̟ | _+ | plus sign below: advanced or fronted |
| U+0320 | ̠ | ̠ | _- | minus sign below: retracted or backed |
| U+0321 | ̡ | ̡ | _j | palatised hook |
| U+0322 | ̢ | ̢ | ` | retroflex hook |
| U+0324 | ̤ | ̤ | _t | diaeresis below: breathy voiced |
| U+0325 | ̥ | ̥ | _0 | ring below: voiceless |
| U+0328 | ̨ | ̨ | ~ | combining ogonek |
| U+0329 | ̩ | ̩ | = | vert line below: syllabic |
| U+032A | ̪ | ̪ | _d | bridge below: dental |
| U+032B | ̫ | ̫ | _w | double arch below: labialisation |
| U+032C | ̬ | ̬ | _v | caron below: voiced |
| U+032F | ̯ | ̯ | _^ | inv. breve below: non-syllabic |
| U+0330 | ̰ | ̰ | _k | tilde below: creaky voiced |
| U+0334 | ̴ | ̴ | _e | tilde overlay: velarisation/pharyngealisation |
| U+0339 | ̹ | ̹ | _O | right half ring below: more rounded |
| U+033A | ̺ | ̺ | _a | inv. bridge below: apical |
| U+033B | ̻ | ̻ | _m | square below: laminal |
| U+033C | ̼ | ̼ | _N | inv. double arch/seagull below: linguolabial |
| U+033D | ̽ | ̽ | _x | x above: mid-centralised |
| U+0361 | ͡ | ͡ | _ | combining double inverted breve: linking. A special algorithm needs to convert a_i into ai) |
Greek and Coptic | ||||
| U+03B2 | β | β | B | beta |
| U+03B8 | θ | θ | T | theta |
| U+03C7 | χ | χ | X | chi: uvul. vcl. fric. |
General Punctuation | ||||
| U+2016 | ‖ | ‖ | || | double vertical line: major (intonation) group |
| U+203F | ‿ | ‿ | -\ | linking, absence of a break |
Superscripts and Subscripts | ||||
| U+207F | ⁿ | ⁿ | _n | small n: nasal release |
Arrows | ||||
| U+2191 | ↑ | ↑ | ^ | upwards arrow: FIXME: Unicode 3.2 says: ingressive airflow?? I translated this as upstep. |
| U+2193 | ↓ | ↓ | ! | downwards arrow: FIXME: same thing. I translated this as downstep. |
| U+2197 | ↗ | ↗ | <R> | ne arrow: global rise |
| U+2198 | ↘ | ↘ | <F> | se arrow: global fall |
